新人教版初二下册英语语法总结( 三 )

Unit 5 If you go to the party, you'll have a great time!
重点语法：if 引导的条件状语从句
结构：主句 + if + 条件状语从句
if + 条件状语从句 + [(comma)] + 主句
注意：在 if 引导的条件状语从句中，主句应用将来时态，状语从句用一般现在时态。
例句：You'll have a great time if you go to the party.
=If you go to the party, you'll have a great time.
重点短语：take away 拿走
around the world = all over the world 在世界各地
make a living 谋生
all the time = always 一直
What's the problem? = What's the matter? = What's wrong? 怎么了？
in order to do sth. 为了做某事
make sb. do sth. 使得某人做某事（to 省略，该结构是一个不带 to 的不定式。）
make sb. adj. 使得某人……（加形容词）
make sb. done 使得某人被做
be famous for 为……而出名
be famous as 作为……而出名
in class 在课堂上
spend ...(time/money) on sth. = spend ...(time/money) in doing sth. 花……（时间/钱）用于做某事
see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事（强调整个过程）
see sb. doing sth. 看见某人做某事（强调偶然性）
say → said → said 动词 say 的原形、过去式和过去分词
tell → told → told 动词 tell 的原形、过去式和过去分词
eat → ate → eaten 动词 eat 的原形、过去式和过去分词
speak → spoke → spoken 动词 speak 的原形、过去式和过去分词
Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells?
重点语法：现在完成进行时态
do/does 的现在完成进行时态形式：have/has been doing
do/does 的现在完成进行时态的被动语态：have/has been being done
现在完成进行时态所应用的场合：
①某事从过去发生一直持续到现在都在做
②过去发生的动作对现在造成影响
例：我已上了三年初中。
I have been in Junior School for 3 years.
自从那次他与我谈过心后，我天天都在进步。
I have been making progress since he talked with me that time.
现在完成进行时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式：
肯定句例句：I have been skating for five hours.
否定句例句：I haven't been skating for five hours.
一般疑问句例句：Have you been skating for five hours?
特殊疑问句例句：How long have you been skating?
注意：瞬间动词不能和一段时间连用。
例句：你借这本书已经多长时间了？
How long have you been keeping this book?
重点短语：run out of 用完；用尽
by the way 顺便说说
be interested in doing sth. 对某事感兴趣
more than 比……多
far away 在远处
would like to do sth. = want to do sth. = feel like doing sth. 想要做某事
send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. 把某物赠送给某人
in fact 实际上
room 房间（用于可数名词）；空间（用于不可数名词）
common → more common → the most common 形容词 common 的原级、比较级和级
Reading Strategy(阅读方法)
Let your eyes "scan" the text quickly to find details that you're looking for. (在阅读文章之前，用眼睛“横扫”整篇文章，快速寻找你需要的文章要点。)You can find information quickly without reading the whole text. (这样你就不用细读整篇文章，就能寻找到你需要的一些信息。)
Unit 7 Would you mind turning down the music?
重点语法：mind [one's] doing sth. 介意（某人）做某事
重点短语：not at all 一点也不
turn down 调节使音量变小
right away = in a minute = at once 立刻；马上
wait in line 排队等候
cut in line 插队等候
hasn't = has not
keep ... down 压低声音；使缓和